Isaiah / Chapter 57

Isaiah 57

21 verses • Westminster Leningrad Codex

Translator's Introduction

What This Chapter Is About

Isaiah 57 opens with a lament that the righteous perish and no one takes it to heart — their death is actually a mercy, sparing them from the evil to come. The chapter then unleashes a blistering indictment of idolatry, exposing Israel's spiritual adultery in valleys, under oaks, and on high mountains. Yet the chapter pivots dramatically at verse 15 to one of the most profound theology-of-presence statements in all of Scripture: the High and Exalted One dwells with the crushed and lowly in spirit. The chapter closes with the offer of peace — but not for the wicked.

What Makes This Chapter Remarkable

Verse 15 is among the most theologically dense verses in Isaiah. It holds two seemingly irreconcilable truths in tension: God inhabits eternity and the high holy place, yet He simultaneously dwells with the contrite and lowly. This is not condescension but divine preference. Verse 19 anticipates Ephesians 2:17 ('peace to those who were far off and peace to those who were near'). Verse 21's refrain — 'There is no peace for the wicked' — is the second of three occurrences that structurally divide Isaiah 40–66 into three sections of nine chapters each.

Translation Friction

The idolatry passages (vv.5-10) contain sexually charged language describing Israel's unfaithfulness. We have rendered these with fidelity to the prophetic rhetoric without sanitizing the force of the metaphor, as the shock is intentional to the prophetic message.

Connections

Verse 15's theology of divine presence with the lowly connects to Psalm 34:18, Psalm 51:17, and Jesus' Beatitudes (Matt 5:3-4). Verse 19's 'peace to the far and near' is quoted in Ephesians 2:17. The 'no peace for the wicked' refrain (v.21) echoes 48:22 and anticipates 66:24.

Isaiah 57:1

הַצַּדִּיק אָבָד וְאֵין אִישׁ שָׂם עַל־לֵב וְאַנְשֵׁי־חֶסֶד נֶאֱסָפִים בְּאֵין מֵבִין כִּי־מִפְּנֵי הָרָעָה נֶאֱסַף הַצַּדִּיק

The righteous one perishes, and no one takes it to heart. Men of steadfast love are gathered away, with no one understanding that the righteous is taken away from the evil to come.

KJV The righteous perisheth, and no man layeth it to heart: and merciful men are taken away, none considering that the righteous is taken away from the evil to come.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'Men of steadfast love' (anshei chesed) — those defined by covenant faithfulness. Their death is reframed as divine protection, not divine failure.
Isaiah 57:2

יָבוֹא שָׁלוֹם יָנוּחוּ עַל־מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָם הֹלֵךְ נְכֹחוֹ

He enters into peace; they rest on their beds — each one who walked in uprightness.

KJV He shall enter into peace: they shall rest in their beds, each one walking in his uprightness.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Death for the righteous is described as entering shalom — wholeness and rest. This is one of the Old Testament's gentlest depictions of death.
Isaiah 57:3

וְאַתֶּם קִרְבוּ הֵנָּה בְּנֵי עֹנְנָה זֶרַע מְנָאֵף וַתִּזְנֶה

But you — draw near, you sons of a sorceress, you offspring of the adulterer and the prostitute!

KJV But draw near hither, ye sons of the sorceress, the seed of the adulterer and the whore.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The tone shifts violently. The tender eulogy for the righteous gives way to a courtroom summons against the idolaters.
Isaiah 57:4

עַל־מִי תִּתְעַנָּגוּ עַל־מִי תַּרְחִיבוּ פֶה תַּאֲרִיכוּ לָשׁוֹן הֲלוֹא־אַתֶּם יִלְדֵי־פֶשַׁע זֶרַע שָׁקֶר

Whom are you mocking? Against whom do you open wide your mouth and stick out your tongue? Are you not children of transgression, offspring of deceit?

KJV Against whom do ye sport yourselves? against whom make ye a wide mouth, and draw out the tongue? are ye not children of transgression, a seed of falsehood,

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The mocking gestures described (wide mouth, extended tongue) indicate contempt — likely directed at the prophets or at YHWH Himself.
Isaiah 57:5

הַנֵּחָמִים בָּאֵלִים תַּחַת כָּל־עֵץ רַעֲנָן שֹׁחֲטֵי הַיְלָדִים בַּנְּחָלִים תַּחַת סְעִפֵי הַסְּלָעִים

You who burn with lust among the oaks, under every green tree — who slaughter children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks!

KJV Enflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks?

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'Slaughter children' refers to child sacrifice, likely to Molech — the most horrifying expression of Israel's apostasy. The valley likely refers to the Valley of Hinnom (Gehenna).
Isaiah 57:6

בְּחַלְּקֵי־נַחַל חֶלְקֵךְ הֵם הֵם גּוֹרָלֵךְ גַּם־לָהֶם שָׁפַכְתְּ נֶסֶךְ הֶעֱלִית מִנְחָה הַעַל־אֵלֶּה אֶנָּחֵם

Among the smooth stones of the valley is your portion; they, they are your lot! To them you have poured out drink offerings; you have brought grain offerings. Shall I relent concerning these things?

KJV Among the smooth stones of the stream is thy portion; they, they are thy lot: even to them hast thou poured a drink offering, thou hast offered a meat offering. Should I receive comfort in these?

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. A bitter wordplay: chalqei nachal (smooth stones of the valley) sounds like cheleq (portion/inheritance). Israel's 'inheritance' has become river rocks used in pagan worship.
Isaiah 57:7

עַל הַר־גָּבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא שַׂמְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבֵךְ גַּם־שָׁם עָלִית לִזְבֹּחַ זָבַח

On a high and lofty mountain you have set your bed; there also you went up to offer sacrifice.

KJV Upon a lofty and high mountain hast thou set thy bed: even thither wentest thou up to offer sacrifice.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'High places' were hilltop shrines associated with Canaanite worship. The 'bed' imagery merges sexual and religious infidelity.
Isaiah 57:8

וְאַחַר הַדֶּלֶת וְהַמְּזוּזָה שַׂמְתְּ זִכְרוֹנֵךְ כִּי מֵאִתִּי גִּלִּית וַתַּעֲלִי הִרְחַבְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבֵךְ וַתִּכְרָת־לָךְ מֵהֶם אָהַבְתְּ מִשְׁכָּבָם יָד חָזִית

Behind the door and the doorpost you have set up your pagan symbols. Deserted Me and uncovered yourself — you climbed up and made your bed wide. You made a pact with them; you loved their bed; you gazed on their nakedness.

KJV Behind the doors also and the posts hast thou set up thy remembrance: for thou hast discovered thyself to another than me, and art gone up; thou hast enlarged thy bed, and made thee a covenant with them; thou lovedst their bed where thou sawest it.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Where the mezuzah should display God's words (Deut 6:9), they have placed pagan memorial symbols — a direct inversion of covenant faithfulness.
Isaiah 57:9

וַתָּשֻׁרִי לַמֶּלֶךְ בַּשֶּׁמֶן וַתַּרְבִּי רִקֻּחָיִךְ וַתְּשַׁלְּחִי צִרַיִךְ עַד־מֵרָחֹק וַתַּשְׁפִּילִי עַד־שְׁאוֹל

You journeyed to the king with oil and multiplied your perfumes. You sent your envoys far away and debased yourself even to Sheol.

KJV And thou wentest to the king with ointment, and didst increase thy perfumes, and didst send thy messengers far off, and didst debase thyself even unto hell.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'The king' (melekh) may refer to the pagan deity Molech (same consonants in Hebrew) or to foreign political alliances — both are acts of unfaithfulness to YHWH.
Isaiah 57:10

בְּרֹב דַּרְכֵּךְ יָגַעַתְּ לֹא אָמַרְתְּ נוֹאָשׁ חַיַּת יָדֵךְ מָצָאת עַל־כֵּן לֹא חָלִית

You wearied yourself on your many journeys, but you never said, 'It is hopeless.' You found renewal of strength and so did not grow faint.

KJV Thou art wearied in the greatness of thy way; yet saidst thou not, There is no hope: thou hast found the life of thine hand; therefore thou wast not grieved.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The tragic irony: Israel's idolatrous energy never flags. She finds just enough false vitality in her adultery to keep pursuing it.
Isaiah 57:11

וְאֶת־מִי דָּאַגְתְּ וַתִּירְאִי כִּי תְכַזֵּבִי וְאוֹתִי לֹא זָכַרְתְּ לֹא־שַׂמְתְּ עַל־לִבֵּךְ הֲלֹא אֲנִי מַחְשֶׁה וּמֵעֹלָם וְאוֹתִי לֹא תִירָאִי

Whom did you dread and fear, that you lied and did not remember Me or take it to heart? Have I not held My peace for a long time, and so you do not fear Me?

KJV And of whom hast thou been afraid or feared, that thou hast lied, and hast not remembered me, nor laid it to thy heart? have not I held my peace even of old, and thou fearest me not?

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. God's long silence (machsheh) is revealed as the very thing that enabled Israel's recklessness — they mistook patience for indifference.
Isaiah 57:12

אֲנִי אַגִּיד צִדְקָתֵךְ וְאֶת־מַעֲשַׂיִךְ וְלֹא יוֹעִילוּךְ

I will expose your so-called righteousness and your works — they will not profit you.

KJV I will declare thy righteousness, and thy works; for they shall not profit thee.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'Your righteousness' is spoken with biting irony — Israel's self-assessed righteousness will be publicly deconstructed.
Isaiah 57:13

בְּזַעֲקֵךְ יַצִּילֻךְ קִבּוּצַיִךְ וְאֶת־כֻּלָּם יִשָּׂא־רוּחַ יִקַּח־הָבֶל וְהַחוֹסֶה בִי יִנְחַל־אֶרֶץ וְיִירַשׁ הַר־קָדְשִׁי

When you cry out, let your collection of idols deliver you! But the wind will carry them all away; a breath will take them. But the one who takes refuge in Me shall inherit the land and possess My holy mountain.

KJV When thou criest, let thy companies deliver thee; but the wind shall carry them all away; vanity shall take them: but he that putteth his trust in me shall possess the land, and shall inherit my holy mountain;

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The pivot: idols are carried off by wind (ruach), but those who trust YHWH inherit the land. The same ruach that destroys the false gives life to the faithful.
Isaiah 57:14

וְאָמַר סֹלּוּ־סֹלּוּ פַּנּוּ־דָרֶךְ הָרִימוּ מִכְשׁוֹל מִדֶּרֶךְ עַמִּי

And it shall be said: 'Build up, build up! Prepare the way! Remove every obstacle from the path of My people.'

KJV And shall say, Cast ye up, cast ye up, prepare the way, take up the stumblingblock out of the way of my people.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. This echoes the highway language of Isaiah 40:3 — God is again preparing a way for His people's return.
Isaiah 57:15

כִּי כֹה אָמַר רָם וְנִשָּׂא שֹׁכֵן עַד וְקָדוֹשׁ שְׁמוֹ מָרוֹם וְקָדוֹשׁ אֶשְׁכּוֹן וְאֶת־דַּכָּא וּשְׁפַל־רוּחַ לְהַחֲיוֹת רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים וּלְהַחֲיוֹת לֵב נִדְכָּאִים

For this is what the High and Exalted One says — He who inhabits eternity, whose name is Holy: 'I dwell in the high and holy place, and also with the one who is crushed and lowly in spirit — to revive the spirit of the lowly and to revive the heart of the crushed.'

KJV For thus saith the high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity, whose name is Holy; I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also that is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones.

Notes & Key Terms 2 terms

Key Terms

דַּכָּא dakka
"the crushed" crushed, contrite, broken, ground to dust

God dwells with the dakka ('crushed one') — the same root as Psalm 34:18 ('the LORD is near to the brokenhearted') and Isaiah 53:5 ('crushed for our iniquities'). The Most High inhabits both eternity and the lowest human experience simultaneously.

שְׁפַל־רוּחַ shefal ruach
"the lowly in spirit" humble in spirit, low in spirit, those of a low disposition

The phrase shefal ruach ('lowly/humble in spirit') pairs with dakka to describe those God chooses to dwell with — not the exalted but the broken. The purpose is restoration: 'to revive the spirit of the lowly, to revive the heart of the crushed.'

Translator Notes

  1. This verse is one of the theological peaks of Isaiah. The God who is ram venissa (high and exalted) — the same phrase from Isaiah 6:1 — chooses to dwell with the dakka (crushed). The paradox is the point.
  2. 'Inhabits eternity' (shokhen ad) — God's dwelling is not merely a place but a mode of being. He is both transcendent and intimately present.
Isaiah 57:16

כִּי לֹא לְעוֹלָם אָרִיב וְלֹא לָנֶצַח אֶקְצוֹף כִּי־רוּחַ מִלְּפָנַי יַעֲטוֹף וּנְשָׁמוֹת אֲנִי עָשִׂיתִי

For I will not contend forever, nor will I always be angry, for the spirit would grow faint before Me — the very breath of life that I have made.

KJV For I will not contend for ever, neither will I be always wroth: for the spirit should fail before me, and the souls which I have made.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. God self-limits His wrath because the creatures He made could not survive it indefinitely. His anger is real but bounded by His creative compassion.
Isaiah 57:17

בַּעֲוֹן בִּצְעוֹ קָצַפְתִּי וְאַכֵּהוּ הַסְתֵּר וְאֶקְצֹף וַיֵּלֶךְ שׁוֹבָב בְּדֶרֶךְ לִבּוֹ

Because of his wicked greed I was angry; I struck him and hid My face in wrath. Yet he kept turning away, following the path of his own heart.

KJV For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him: I hid me, and was wroth, and he went on frowardly in the way of his heart.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Even divine discipline did not produce repentance — Israel 'kept turning away' (shobab), a stubborn backsliding despite the blows.
Isaiah 57:18

דְּרָכָיו רָאִיתִי וְאֶרְפָּאֵהוּ וְאַנְחֵהוּ וַאֲשַׁלֵּם נִחֻמִים לוֹ וְלַאֲבֵלָיו

I have seen his ways, but I will heal him. I will lead him and restore comfort to him and to his mourners.

KJV I have seen his ways, and will heal him: I will lead him also, and restore comforts unto him and to his mourners.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The 'but' is implicit and crucial: God sees the rebellion and chooses healing anyway. Grace is not ignorance of sin but sovereignty over it.
Isaiah 57:19

בּוֹרֵא נִיב שְׂפָתָיִם שָׁלוֹם שָׁלוֹם לָרָחוֹק וְלַקָּרוֹב אָמַר יְהוָה וּרְפָאתִיו

creating the fruit of the lips: 'Peace, peace to the one who is far off and to the one who is near,' says the LORD, 'and I will heal him.'

KJV I create the fruit of the lips; Peace, peace to him that is far off, and to him that is near, saith the LORD; and I will heal him.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

שָׁלוֹם שָׁלוֹם shalom shalom
"peace, peace" peace peace, wholeness wholeness, complete well-being

The doubled shalom shalom ('peace, peace') echoes 26:3 and extends healing to both 'the far and the near' — those in exile and those who remained. The doubling intensifies: this is not partial peace but total restoration.

Translator Notes

  1. Paul quotes this verse in Ephesians 2:17, identifying 'those far off' as Gentiles and 'those near' as Jews — both reconciled through Christ.
  2. 'Creating the fruit of the lips' — God creates the very praise that responds to His healing. The thanksgiving itself is a divine gift.
Isaiah 57:20

וְהָרְשָׁעִים כַּיָּם נִגְרָשׁ כִּי הַשְׁקֵט לֹא יוּכָל וַיִּגְרְשׁוּ מֵימָיו רֶפֶשׁ וָטִיט

But the wicked are like the churning sea that cannot be still; its waters toss up mire and mud.

KJV But the wicked are like the troubled sea, when it cannot rest, whose waters cast up mire and dirt.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The sea image captures restless, self-destructive agitation — the wicked cannot find the shalom just offered because their own nature prevents it.
Isaiah 57:21

אֵין שָׁלוֹם אָמַר אֱלֹהַי לָרְשָׁעִים

'There is no peace,' says my God, 'for the wicked.'

KJV There is no peace, saith my God, unto the wicked.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. This refrain (also at 48:22) divides Isaiah's final 27 chapters into three sections of nine chapters each (40-48, 49-57, 58-66). It is a structural and theological marker: God's peace is real but not universal — it excludes those who refuse it.