Jubilees / Chapter 26

Jubilees 26

35 verses • Ge'ez (Ethiopic) 1 tradition available

Translator's Introduction

What This Chapter Is About

Isaac grows old and his eyes fail. A famine strikes, and Isaac contemplates going to Egypt but is divinely commanded to remain in the land. God renews the Abrahamic covenant with Isaac — land, offspring, and blessing to all nations. Isaac dwells among the Philistines at Gerar, and disputes arise over wells that Abraham had dug. Rebekah instructs Jacob to obtain the blessing before Isaac dies.

What Makes This Chapter Remarkable

Jubilees dates Isaac's blindness with calendrical precision, tying the patriarch's decline to the jubilee framework. The covenant reaffirmation explicitly links Isaac to the oath sworn to Abraham on Moriah, strengthening the unbroken chain of promise. Rebekah's favoritism toward Jacob is presented as divinely guided rather than mere maternal preference.

Translation Friction

The wife-sister episode from Genesis 26 is drastically abbreviated — Jubilees is uncomfortable with patriarchal deception and minimizes it. Rebekah's role in orchestrating the blessing is amplified beyond the Genesis account, presenting her as a prophetically informed agent rather than a schemer.

Connections

Genesis 26:1-33 (Isaac at Gerar); Genesis 27:1-4 (Isaac's failing eyes); Genesis 22:16-18 (oath to Abraham); Genesis 12:10-20 (Abraham's parallel famine journey).

Jubilees 26:1

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

In the seventh year of this week, Isaac called Esau his firstborn son and said to him: I am old, my son, and my eyes have grown dim so that I cannot see. I do not know the day of my death.

REF And in the seventh year of this week Isaac called Esau, his elder son, and said unto him: 'I am old, my son, and behold my eyes are dim in seeing, and I know not the day of my death.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

A week of years (seven years), the basic unit of the jubilee calendar system that structures the entire book

Translator Notes

  1. The calendrical marker 'seventh year of this week' places this event precisely within the jubilee system. Jubilees consistently provides such dating absent from Genesis.
Jubilees 26:2

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

So take your hunting gear — your quiver and your bow — and go out to the open field. Hunt for me and bring back game, my son,

REF Now therefore take thy hunting weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and hunt and catch me venison, my son,

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The instruction closely follows Genesis 27:3, but Jubilees will soon introduce Rebekah's countermove as divinely sanctioned rather than merely opportunistic.
Jubilees 26:3

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

and prepare for me a savory dish, the kind I love. Bring it to me so I may eat and my soul may bless you before I die.

REF and make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me that I may eat, and that my soul may bless thee before I die.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The patriarchal blessing is presented as a quasi-sacramental act: eating the meal empowers the soul to pronounce an irrevocable blessing.
Jubilees 26:4

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Now Rebekah overheard Isaac speaking to Esau.

REF And Rebecca heard Isaac speaking to Esau.

Jubilees 26:5

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

And Esau went out early into the field to hunt and bring back game for his father.

REF And Esau went forth early to the field to hunt and catch and bring home to his father.

Jubilees 26:6

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Then Rebekah called her son Jacob and said to him: Listen — I heard your father Isaac speaking to your brother Esau, saying:

REF And Rebecca called Jacob, her son, and said unto him: 'Behold, I heard Isaac, thy father, speak unto Esau, thy brother, saying:

Jubilees 26:7

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Bring me game and prepare a savory dish for me, so I may eat and bless you before the Lord before I die.

REF 'Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat and bless thee before the Lord before I die.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jubilees adds 'before the Lord' to the blessing formula — absent in Genesis 27 — making the patriarchal blessing explicitly a divine-covenantal act rather than a mere family custom.
Jubilees 26:8

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Now, my son, listen to me and do what I tell you. Go to the flock and bring me two fine young goats. I will prepare them as a savory dish for your father — the kind he loves — and you will bring it to him so he may eat and bless you before the Lord before he dies, so that you may be blessed.

REF And now, my son, obey my voice in that which I command thee: Go to the flock and fetch me two good kids of the goats, and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth, and thou shalt bring it to thy father that he may eat and bless thee before the Lord before he dieth, and that thou mayest be blessed.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Rebekah's instructions are nearly identical to Genesis 27:8-10. In Jubilees, her intervention is understood as aligning with the prenatal oracle (Genesis 25:23) that the elder would serve the younger.
Jubilees 26:9

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob said to his mother Rebekah: But my brother Esau is hairy, and I am smooth-skinned.

REF And Jacob said to Rebecca his mother: 'Behold, Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am smooth:

Jubilees 26:10

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

If my father touches me, I will seem to him like a mocker, and I will bring a curse on myself instead of a blessing.

REF My father peradventure will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver, and I shall bring upon me a curse and not a blessing.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jacob's fear of appearing as a 'mocker' (Ge'ez: lāʿab) carries stronger connotations than mere 'deceiver' — it implies mocking a blind father's sacred act.
Jubilees 26:11

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

His mother Rebekah said to him: Let your curse fall on me, my son. Just do as I say.

REF And Rebecca his mother said unto him: 'Upon me be thy curse, my son; only obey my voice.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Rebekah's willingness to bear the curse underscores her prophetic confidence. In Jubilees' theology, she acts from knowledge of the divine will, not reckless favoritism.
Jubilees 26:12

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

So Jacob obeyed his mother Rebekah. He went and fetched two fine young goats and brought them to her, and his mother prepared a savory dish — the kind his father loved.

REF And Jacob obeyed the voice of Rebecca, his mother, and went and fetched two good kids of the goats, and brought them to his mother, and his mother made them savoury meat, such as he loved.

Jubilees 26:13

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Then Rebekah took the fine garments of her elder son Esau — the ones she kept in the house — and dressed Jacob, her younger son, in them.

REF And Rebecca took the goodly raiment of Esau, her elder son, which was with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob, her younger son,

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. These garments may be the priestly garments of Adam tradition found in later rabbinic sources. Jubilees' emphasis on clothing transfers echoes its priestly concerns.
Jubilees 26:14

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

She placed the goat skins on his hands and on the smooth part of his neck.

REF and she put the skins of the kids upon his hands and on the exposed parts of his neck.

Jubilees 26:15

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

And she placed the savory dish and the bread she had prepared into the hands of her son Jacob.

REF And she gave the savoury meat and the bread which she had prepared into the hand of her son Jacob.

Jubilees 26:16

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob went in to his father and said: I am your son. I have done as you asked me. Sit up and eat what I have brought for you, and bless me, my father.

REF And Jacob went in to his father and said: 'I am thy son: I have done according as thou badest me: arise and sit and eat of that which I have caught for thee, and bless me, my father.'

Jubilees 26:17

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac said to his son: How did you find it so quickly, my son?

REF And Isaac said to his son: 'How hast thou found so quickly, my son?'

Jubilees 26:18

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob answered: Because the Lord your God brought it to me.

REF And Jacob said: 'Because the Lord thy God caused me to find.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jacob's invocation of 'the Lord your God' is deeply ironic in the Genesis account but in Jubilees carries a different weight — the author views Jacob's claim as ultimately true, since God intended the blessing for him.
Jubilees 26:19

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac said to him: Come closer so I can touch you, my son — to know whether you are truly my son Esau or not.

REF And Isaac said unto him: 'Come near, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou art my son Esau or not.'

Jubilees 26:20

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob drew near to his father Isaac, who touched him and said: The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau.

REF And Jacob went near to Isaac, his father, and he felt him and said: 'The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau,'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. This iconic line is preserved from Genesis 27:22. The dramatic tension between hearing and touch — two senses giving conflicting testimony — remains one of the most memorable moments in patriarchal narrative.
Jubilees 26:21

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He did not recognize him, because it was an act ordained from heaven to cloud his perception. Isaac could not tell, for Jacob's hands were hairy like the hands of Esau. So he blessed him.

REF and he discerned him not, because it was a dispensation from heaven to remove his power of perception; and Isaac discerned not, for his hands were hairy as the hands of Esau: so he blessed him.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

Ge'ez construction indicating direct divine intervention. Jubilees inserts this to resolve the moral difficulty of the Genesis deception narrative.

Translator Notes

  1. This is a major Jubilees addition: the deception succeeds not merely because of goat skins but because heaven itself clouded Isaac's perception. This theological move exonerates both Jacob and Rebekah — the outcome was divinely orchestrated.
Jubilees 26:22

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He said: Are you really my son Esau? And Jacob said: I am your son. Then Isaac said: Bring the food near so I may eat what my son has caught, and my soul will bless you.

REF And he said: 'Art thou my son Esau?' and he said: 'I am thy son': and he said, 'Bring near to me, and I will eat of that which my son hath caught for me, that my soul may bless thee.'

Jubilees 26:23

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

So Jacob brought the food to him and he ate, and he brought him wine and he drank.

REF And he brought near to him, and he did eat, and he brought him wine, and he drank.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The inclusion of wine alongside the meal may carry sacrificial overtones. In Jubilees' priestly framework, the patriarchal blessing meal echoes the peace offering.
Jubilees 26:24

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

His father Isaac said to him: Come near and kiss me, my son. So he came near and kissed him.

REF And Isaac, his father, said unto him: 'Come near and kiss me, my son.' And he came near and kissed him.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)moral

'Good were it for that man if he had not been born' qualified regarding Judas

The JST footnote adjusts Jesus's statement about Judas's fate, which in the KJV is an absolute statement of existential condemnation. The revision may qualify the scope or meaning of 'not been born' to avoid a predestinarian reading of Judas as fated from birth to betray Christ.

Jubilees 26:25

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He smelled the scent of his garments and blessed him, saying: See, the fragrance of my son is like the fragrance of a field that the Lord has blessed.

REF And he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him and said: 'Behold, the smell of my son is as the smell of a (full) field which the Lord hath blessed.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The 'fragrance of a blessed field' connects to agricultural covenant imagery — the land itself mediates divine blessing. The garments carry Esau's outdoor scent, but Jubilees sees a deeper symbolism.
Jubilees 26:26

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

May the Lord give you the dew of heaven and the richness of the earth — abundance of grain and oil. Let nations serve you and peoples bow before you.

REF May the Lord give thee of the dew of heaven and of the dew of the earth, and plenty of corn and oil; let nations serve thee, and peoples bow down to thee.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The blessing closely follows Genesis 27:28-29 but replaces 'fatness of the earth' with 'dew of the earth,' reflecting the Ge'ez text's reading.
Jubilees 26:27

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Be master over your brothers, and let your mother's sons bow down to you. May all the blessings with which the Lord blessed me and blessed my father Abraham be given to you and to your offspring forever. Cursed be everyone who curses you, and blessed be everyone who blesses you.

REF Be lord over thy brethren, and let thy mother's sons bow down to thee; and may all the blessings wherewith the Lord hath blessed me and hath blessed Abraham, my father, be imparted to thee and to thy seed for ever. Cursed be he that curseth thee, and blessed be he that blesseth thee.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jubilees makes the Abrahamic connection explicit: Isaac's blessing transfers not just prosperity but the entire covenant chain from Abraham. Genesis 27:29 does not mention Abraham by name in the blessing.
Jubilees 26:28

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

As soon as Isaac finished blessing his son Jacob, and Jacob had gone out from his father's presence, he concealed himself. Then Esau his brother came in from his hunt.

REF And it came to pass as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing his son Jacob, and Jacob had gone forth from Isaac his father he hid himself and Esau, his brother, came in from his hunting.

Jubilees 26:29

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He too prepared a savory dish and brought it to his father, saying: Let my father sit up and eat what his son has caught for him, and bless me.

REF And he also made savoury meat, and brought it to his father, and said to his father: 'Let my father arise, and eat of that which his son hath caught for him, and bless me.'

Jubilees 26:30

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

His father Isaac said to him: Who are you? He answered: I am your firstborn, your son Esau. I have done what you told me.

REF And Isaac, his father, said unto him: 'Who art thou?' And he said, 'I am thy firstborn, thy son Esau: I have done as thou hast commanded me.'

Jubilees 26:31

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac trembled violently and said: Then who was it that hunted game and brought it to me? I ate it all before you came and I blessed him — and blessed he will remain, he and all his offspring forever.

REF And Isaac was very greatly astonished, and said: 'Who is he that hath hunted and caught and brought to me, and I have eaten of all before thou camest, and have blessed him — and blessed he shall be, and all his seed for ever.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Isaac's trembling (Ge'ez: tarageẓa) is stronger than mere surprise — it indicates a numinous realization that he has unknowingly enacted the divine will. The irrevocability of the blessing is emphatically stated.
Jubilees 26:32

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

When Esau heard his father's words, he cried out with a loud and bitter cry and said to his father: Bless me too — me also, my father!

REF And when Esau heard the words of his father Isaac he cried with an exceeding great and bitter cry, and said unto his father: 'Bless me, even me also, O my father.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Esau's bitter cry is one of the most poignant moments in the patriarchal narrative. Hebrews 12:17 references this scene as a warning about irreversible consequences.
Jubilees 26:33

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac said: Your brother came with cunning and took your blessing. Esau replied: Is he not rightly named Jacob? He has cheated me twice now — he took my birthright, and now he has taken my blessing.

REF And he said unto him: 'Thy brother came with guile, and hath taken away thy blessing.' And he said: 'Is he not rightly named Jacob? for he hath supplanted me these two times: he took away my birthright, and now he hath taken away my blessing.'

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

The name is etymologically connected to 'heel' (aqeb) and secondarily to 'supplant' or 'deceive' — a wordplay that Esau exploits here

Translator Notes

  1. The wordplay on Jacob's name (ya'aqob / 'aqab — 'heel-grabber' / 'supplanter') is preserved from Genesis 27:36. Despite Jubilees' sympathy for Jacob, the author retains Esau's accusation without editorial correction.
Jubilees 26:34

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Esau said: Have you not kept even one blessing for me, father? Isaac answered: I have made him your master, and I have given him all his brothers as servants. I have enriched him with grain and wine and oil. What then can I do for you, my son?

REF And he said: 'Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me, O my father?' And Isaac answered and said unto Esau: 'Behold, I have made him thy lord, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants, and with plenty of corn and wine and oil have I strengthened him: and what now shall I do for thee, my son?'

Jubilees 26:35

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Esau said to his father Isaac: Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me — me too, father! And Esau lifted his voice and wept. Then Isaac answered him: Your dwelling will be away from the richness of the earth and away from the dew of heaven above.

REF And Esau said to Isaac, his father: 'Hast thou but one blessing, O my father? Bless me, even me also, O my father.' And Esau lifted up his voice and wept. And Isaac answered and said unto him: 'Behold, away from the fatness of the earth shall be thy dwelling, and away from the dew of the heaven from above.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Esau's blessing is a reversal of Jacob's — exile from fertility rather than enjoyment of it. This becomes the theological basis for Edom's hostile territory and antagonistic relationship with Israel throughout Jubilees.