Septuagint Esther / Addition D

Esther Addition D— Esther Before the King

16 verses  • standalone (no MT counterpart)

About This Addition

Summary

Addition D replaces or dramatically expands the MT's brief account of Esther approaching the king (5:1-2). Where the MT records simply that Esther stood in the court, found favor, and the king extended his scepter, the LXX unfolds a theatrical scene: Esther enters in royal splendor but with a heart frozen in fear, the king's face burns with anger, Esther faints, and 'God changed the spirit of the king to gentleness.' The king leaps from his throne, embraces her, and reassures her.

Remarkable

The phrase 'God changed the spirit of the king to gentleness' is the single most important theological addition in the entire LXX Esther. It answers the question the MT deliberately leaves open: why did the king receive Esther favorably? The MT invites the reader to see providence in coincidence; the LXX states it plainly. Esther's double fainting, the king's alarm, and the tender embrace create an intimacy absent from the formal MT scene.

Friction

This addition has no Hebrew counterpart. Its high emotional register differs markedly from the MT's restrained prose style. Some scholars argue it diminishes Esther's courage by making her faint rather than stand firm. Others see it as heightening her courage — she acts despite overwhelming terror.

Connections

Esther 5:1-2 (MT parallel); Addition C (Esther's preceding prayer); Esther 4:16 ('if I perish, I perish'); Daniel 10:8-12 (fainting before a divine/royal presence); Proverbs 21:1 ('the king's heart is in the hand of the LORD').

1

On the third day, when she had finished her prayer, she took off the garments of mourning in which she had worshiped and arrayed herself in all her splendor.

Greek: Καὶ ἐγενήθη ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ

The dramatic transition from the ashes of prayer (Addition C) to royal splendor marks one of the most powerful costume changes in all literature.

2

Then, having made herself resplendent, after calling upon the all-seeing God and Savior, she took two servant girls with her.

Greek: καὶ γενηθεῖσα ἐπιφανής

3

On one she leaned gently, as though delicately, while the other followed behind, bearing her train.

Greek: τῇ μὲν μιᾷ ἐπηρείδετο ὡς τρυφερευομένη

4

She was radiant with the perfection of her beauty, and her face was joyful, as one beloved — but her heart was frozen with fear.

Greek: αὐτὴ δὲ ἐρυθριῶσα ἀκμῇ κάλλους αὐτῆς

The juxtaposition of outward radiance and inner terror is one of the great psychological moments in ancient narrative. Esther's courage is not the absence of fear but action despite it.

5

When she had passed through all the doors, she stood before the king. He was seated on his royal throne, clothed in the full splendor of his majesty,

Greek: καὶ εἰσελθοῦσα πάσας τὰς θύρας

6

all adorned with gold and precious stones. He was most terrifying.

Greek: πᾶς χρυσῷ καὶ λίθοις πολυτελέσιν κεκοσμημένος

7

Lifting his face, burning with majesty, he looked at her in fierce anger. And the queen faltered — she turned pale and nearly fainted,

Greek: καὶ ἄρας τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ πεπυρωμένον δόξῃ

8

and she collapsed against the head of the servant girl who walked before her.

Greek: καὶ ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τῆς ἅβρας

Esther faints — a detail entirely absent from the restrained MT account. The LXX dramatizes the mortal danger of approaching the king uninvited.

9

Then God changed the spirit of the king to gentleness. In alarm he leapt from his throne,

Greek: καὶ μετέβαλεν ὁ θεὸς τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς πραΰτητα

This is the theological climax of Addition D: 'God changed the spirit of the king.' The MT never names God as the agent behind the king's favorable response. The LXX makes divine intervention explicit — this is not political luck but supernatural rescue.

10

and he gathered her into his arms until she recovered herself. He comforted her with soothing words.

Greek: καὶ ἀνέλαβεν αὐτὴν ἐπὶ τὰς ἀγκάλας αὐτοῦ

11

And he said to her, 'What is it, Esther? I am your husband. Take courage.

Greek: καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῇ τί ἐστιν Εσθηρ

12

You will not die — our decree is for the common people only. Come near.'

Greek: οὐ μὴ ἀποθάνῃς

The king's reassurance — 'our law applies only to subjects' — suggests that the queen is exempt from the rule against unauthorized approach. This legal nuance is unique to the LXX.

13

Then he lifted the golden scepter and laid it on her neck.

Greek: καὶ ἄρας τὴν χρυσῆν ῥάβδον ἐπέθηκεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτῆς

In the MT (5:2), the king extends the scepter for Esther to touch. In the LXX, he places it on her neck — a more intimate gesture of royal protection.

14

And he embraced her and said, 'Speak to me.'

Greek: καὶ ἠσπάσατο αὐτήν

15

And she said to him, 'I saw you, my lord, as an angel of God, and my heart was troubled by the fear of your glory.

Greek: καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ

16

For you are wonderful, my lord, and your face is full of grace.' While she was speaking, she fainted once more and fell.

Greek: ὅτι θαυμαστὸς εἶ κύριε

Esther faints a second time — the scene's emotional intensity exceeds anything in the MT. The king and all his servants are alarmed. The addition transforms a brief political encounter into a dramatic rescue narrative.