Jeremiah 7 contains the Temple Sermon — the prophet's most provocative public address. Standing at the gate of the LORD's house, Jeremiah confronts the people's false confidence that the Temple's presence guarantees Jerusalem's safety. The threefold repetition 'The temple of the LORD' (v. 4) mocks a popular slogan. God demands moral reform, not ritual attendance (vv. 5-7), and invokes the destruction of Shiloh as proof that he will abandon even his own sanctuary when the people corrupt it (vv. 12-14). The chapter escalates to a prohibition against intercessory prayer (v. 16), describes the Queen of Heaven cult (vv. 17-19), and culminates in God's declaration that he never commanded sacrifice — he commanded obedience (vv. 21-23). The chapter closes with the abomination of child sacrifice in the Valley of Hinnom (vv. 30-34).
What Makes This Chapter Remarkable
This is the sermon that nearly got Jeremiah killed (the aftermath appears in chapter 26). The threefold 'temple of the LORD' in verse 4 is not emphasis but mockery — Jeremiah is imitating and ridiculing a liturgical chant the people used as a talisman. The Shiloh reference (vv. 12-14) is devastating: Shiloh was where the tabernacle stood for centuries before its destruction, proving that God's presence can be withdrawn from a sacred site. The statement 'I did not speak to your ancestors or command them concerning burnt offerings and sacrifices' (v. 22) is one of the most radical claims in the Hebrew Bible — not that sacrifice is wrong, but that obedience was always the primary demand. The Valley of Ben-Hinnom (Ge-Hinnom, v. 31) becomes the source of the Greek Gehenna, the New Testament's primary image for final judgment.
Translation Friction
The verb batach ('trust') in verse 4 required careful handling — the people are not trusting God but trusting in the Temple building as a magical guarantee. We rendered divrei hasheqer as 'deceptive words' rather than 'lying words' to capture the self-deception involved. The phrase 'the Queen of Heaven' (melekhet hashamayim, v. 18) is historically debated — likely Ishtar/Astarte — but we retain the Hebrew designation without identifying a specific deity, as the text does not. The controversial verse 22 ('I did not command... concerning burnt offerings') must be rendered without either softening it into irrelevance or overstating it as an absolute rejection of all sacrifice — the contrast is between ritual mechanics and covenantal obedience.
Connections
The Temple Sermon parallels Micah 3:11-12 (Zion will be plowed as a field). The Shiloh reference connects to the ark narrative of 1 Samuel 4 and Psalm 78:60. The prohibition against intercession reprises the theme from 11:14 and 14:11. The 'Queen of Heaven' cult reappears in 44:15-19 among the Egyptian refugees. The Valley of Hinnom connects to 2 Kings 23:10 (Josiah's reform) and becomes Gehenna in Matthew 5:22 and Mark 9:43. The obedience-over-sacrifice principle echoes 1 Samuel 15:22 and Hosea 6:6, and is quoted by Jesus in Matthew 9:13.
KJV The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The standard prophetic reception formula. The Hebrew le'mor ('saying') functions as a speech-introduction marker and is rendered as a colon rather than as an additional English word.
Stand at the gate of the LORD's house and proclaim this message there. Say: Hear the word of the LORD, all of Judah who enter through these gates to worship the LORD.
KJV Stand in the gate of the LORD's house, and proclaim there this word, and say, Hear the word of the LORD, all ye of Judah, that enter in at these gates to worship the LORD.
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Translator Notes
The location is critical — Jeremiah is told to stand at the Temple gate itself, confronting worshippers as they arrive. The verb hishtachavot ('to bow down, worship') indicates prostration before God. The irony is that these are people coming to worship who will be told their worship is worthless without moral reform.
This is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: Reform your ways and your deeds, and I will let you continue to dwell in this place.
KJV Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, Amend your ways and your doings, and I will cause you to dwell in this place.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The verb heitivu ('make good, reform') demands active moral change, not mere ritual adjustment. The conditional promise — 'I will let you dwell' — implies that continued residence in the land is not guaranteed. The phrase 'this place' (hammaqom hazzeh) refers ambiguously to both the Temple and the land, a deliberate doubling.
One of Jeremiah's signature words. It describes not just dishonesty but a comprehensive culture of self-deception — false prophecy, false worship, false security.
Translator Notes
The verb batach ('to trust, rely on') indicates the people are placing their security in the Temple as a talisman rather than in the God who dwells there. The triple repetition hekhal YHWH ('temple of the LORD') imitates a liturgical chant — Jeremiah is quoting and ridiculing a popular slogan. The word sheqer ('falsehood, deception') is one of Jeremiah's most frequent words, characterizing the entire spiritual culture of his day.
For if you truly reform your ways and your deeds — if you truly practice justice between one person and another,
KJV For if ye throughly amend your ways and your doings; if ye throughly execute judgment between a man and his neighbour;
Notes & Key Terms
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Key Terms
מִשְׁפָּטmishpat
"justice"—justice, judgment, legal decision, right, due process
Mishpat encompasses both legal procedure and the broader concept of social fairness. Here it specifically refers to honest dealings between individuals in daily life.
Translator Notes
The infinitive absolute construction heitev teitivu ('truly reform') intensifies the demand — superficial adjustment will not suffice. The word mishpat ('justice') here means fair dealing in legal and social disputes, not abstract righteousness. Jeremiah begins a catalogue of specific moral requirements.
if you do not oppress the foreigner, the orphan, or the widow, and do not shed innocent blood in this place, and do not follow other gods to your own harm —
KJV If ye oppress not the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, and shed not innocent blood in this place, neither walk after other gods to your hurt:
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Translator Notes
The triad ger-yatom-almanah ('foreigner, orphan, widow') represents the most vulnerable members of Israelite society. Their protection is a covenant obligation (Deuteronomy 24:17-22). The phrase 'to your own harm' (lera lakhem) is striking — idolatry harms not God but the worshippers themselves.
then I will let you dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your ancestors from age to age.
KJV Then will I cause you to dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your fathers, for ever and ever.
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Translator Notes
The phrase lemin olam ve'ad olam ('from age to age') expresses perpetuity. The conditional structure is complete: moral reform (vv. 5-6) would secure continued dwelling. The land promise to the ancestors is real but conditional on covenant faithfulness — this is the core tension of Deuteronomic theology.
Look — you are trusting in deceptive words that accomplish nothing.
KJV Behold, ye trust in lying words, that cannot profit.
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Translator Notes
The accusation resumes from verse 4. The phrase levilti ho'il ('without benefit, to no profit') declares the Temple-slogan theology not just false but useless — it provides no actual protection. The verb batach ('trust') again highlights misplaced confidence.
Will you steal, murder, commit adultery, swear falsely, burn incense to Baal, and follow other gods that you have not known —
KJV Will ye steal, murder, and commit adultery, and swear falsely, and burn incense unto Baal, and walk after other gods whom ye know not;
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Translator Notes
This catalogue echoes the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1-17; Deuteronomy 5:6-21). Stealing, murder, adultery, and false oaths violate commandments 6-9, while Baal worship and following other gods violate commandments 1-2. Jeremiah compresses the Decalogue into a single accusatory question. The infinitive absolute construction (ganov, ratsoach, na'of) gives the list a staccato, relentless rhythm.
and then come and stand before me in this house that bears my name, and say, 'We are safe!' — only to go on doing all these abominations?
KJV And come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, We are delivered to do all these abominations?
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Key Terms
תּוֹעֵבוֹתto'evot
"abominations"—abominations, detestable acts, things hateful to God
The plural of to'evah, the term for acts that violate the fundamental order of the covenant relationship. Stronger than 'sin' — these are acts God finds repulsive.
Translator Notes
The phrase niqra shemi alav ('my name is called upon it') means the Temple bears God's name — it belongs to him. The people's cry nitsalnu ('we are delivered, saved, safe') exposes their theology: they believe Temple attendance functions as a magical protection spell that permits continued sin. The word to'evot ('abominations') is the strongest term for covenant violations.
Has this house that bears my name become a den of criminals in your eyes? I too have seen it, declares the LORD.
KJV Is this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, even I have seen it, saith the LORD.
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מְעָרַת פָּרִצִיםme'arat paritsim
"den of criminals"—cave of robbers, den of violent men, hideout of bandits
This phrase becomes one of the most famous in Scripture through Jesus's quotation of it. The image is of a robber's cave — a place criminals retreat to for safety between crimes.
Translator Notes
The phrase me'arat paritsim ('cave/den of violent ones') is quoted by Jesus when he cleanses the Temple (Matthew 21:13, Mark 11:17, Luke 19:46). Paritsim are not merely thieves but violent breakers — robbers who use force. The Temple has become a hideout where criminals come to feel safe after committing their crimes. God's 'I too have seen it' is ominous — he is not fooled by their ritual performance.
Go now to my place at Shiloh, where I first made my name dwell, and see what I did to it because of the wickedness of my people Israel.
KJV But go ye now unto my place which was in Shiloh, where I set my name at the first, and see what I did to it for the wickedness of my people Israel.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
Shiloh, in the territory of Ephraim, was the central sanctuary before the monarchy — the tabernacle stood there for centuries (Joshua 18:1; 1 Samuel 1-4). Its destruction (referenced in Psalm 78:60) demonstrated that God would abandon even his own sacred site when the people corrupted it. The parallel is unmistakable: what happened to Shiloh can happen to Jerusalem's Temple.
And now, because you have done all these things, declares the LORD — and though I spoke to you persistently, you did not listen, and though I called you, you did not answer —
KJV And now, because ye have done all these works, saith the LORD, and I spake unto you, rising up early and speaking, but ye heard not; and I called you, but ye answered not;
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The idiom hashkem vedabber ('rising early and speaking') is the same persistence formula seen in 11:7. God's repeated, tireless efforts to communicate are met with silence. The double failure — 'did not listen... did not answer' — establishes the legal basis for judgment: the defendant was warned and given every opportunity to respond.
I will do to this house that bears my name — the one you are trusting in — and to the place I gave to you and your ancestors, what I did to Shiloh.
KJV Therefore will I do unto this house, which is called by my name, wherein ye trust, and unto the place which I gave you and to your fathers, as I have done to Shiloh.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The sentence structure deliberately parallels the Temple ('this house') with the land ('the place I gave you') — both are at risk. The verb botechim ('trusting') echoes verse 4 and 8: their trust is in the building, not in God. The Shiloh comparison is the climax of the argument — if God destroyed his first sanctuary, he will destroy his second.
I will throw you out of my presence, just as I threw out all your kinsmen — all the descendants of Ephraim.
KJV And I will cast you out of my sight, as I have cast out all your brethren, even the whole seed of Ephraim.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
Ephraim represents the northern kingdom of Israel, destroyed by Assyria in 722 BCE. God has already expelled the ten northern tribes. Judah is not exempt from the same fate. The verb hishlakhti ('I threw out, cast away') is violent — not a gentle sending away but a forceful ejection from God's presence.
As for you — do not pray for this people. Do not lift up cry or prayer on their behalf, and do not plead with me, for I will not listen to you.
KJV Therefore pray not thou for this people, neither lift up cry nor prayer for them, neither make intercession to me: for I will not hear thee.
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Translator Notes
This prohibition against prophetic intercession is devastating. A prophet's core function included standing before God on behalf of the people (as Moses did repeatedly, Exodus 32:11-14; Numbers 14:13-19). God is shutting down the last channel of mercy. The verb tifga ('press upon, plead, intercede') is stronger than ordinary prayer — it implies urgent, pressing petition. Even that will not be heard.
Do you not see what they are doing in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem?
KJV Seest thou not what they do in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem?
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Translator Notes
God directs Jeremiah's attention to what is happening in plain sight. The question is rhetorical — the prophet can see the idolatry everywhere. The shift to second person singular addresses Jeremiah personally, pulling him into the evidence for why intercession is pointless.
The children gather wood, the fathers light the fire, and the women knead dough to make cakes for the Queen of Heaven, and they pour out drink offerings to other gods — provoking me to anger.
KJV The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead their dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
Notes & Key Terms
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Key Terms
מְלֶכֶת הַשָּׁמַיִםmelekhet hashamayim
"Queen of Heaven"—Queen of Heaven; a title for a goddess, possibly Ishtar/Astarte
The exact identification is debated. The cult involved family-based ritual with shaped cakes and drink offerings. It was apparently widespread and deeply popular, especially among women.
Translator Notes
The whole family participates in the idolatrous ritual — children, fathers, and women each have a role. The phrase melekhet hashamayim ('Queen of Heaven') likely refers to the Mesopotamian goddess Ishtar or the Canaanite Astarte. The kavvanim ('cakes') were probably shaped in the goddess's image or stamped with her symbol. This cult reappears in 44:15-19, where the women defend their worship. The verb hakh'iseni ('to provoke me') attributes genuine anger to God — the idolatry is personally offensive.
Is it me they are provoking? declares the LORD. Is it not rather themselves, to their own shame?
KJV Do they provoke me to anger? saith the LORD: do they not provoke themselves to the confusion of their own faces?
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Translator Notes
A remarkable theological statement: God declares that idolatry ultimately harms the idolaters, not God. The word bosheth ('shame') appears again (cf. 11:13 where it substitutes for Baal). The rhetorical question structure implies that God's sovereignty is not threatened by their worship of other gods — but they are destroying themselves.
Therefore, this is what the Lord GOD says: My anger and my wrath will be poured out on this place — on human and animal, on the trees of the field and the fruit of the ground. It will burn and will not be quenched.
KJV Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, mine anger and my fury shall be poured out upon this place, upon man, and upon beast, and upon the trees of the field, and upon the fruit of the ground; and it shall burn, and shall not be quenched.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The double divine title Adonai YHWH ('Lord GOD') adds solemnity. The verb nittekhet ('poured out') depicts wrath as a liquid — molten anger that flows over everything. The judgment is comprehensive, affecting all creation: humans, animals, vegetation, and crops. The cosmic scope echoes the uncreation themes found elsewhere in the prophets. The phrase 'will not be quenched' (lo tikhbeh) indicates irreversible judgment.
The olah ('burnt offering') was entirely consumed by fire on the altar — the worshipper received no portion. God's command to eat even these expresses contempt for the people's hollow ritual.
Translator Notes
This is biting sarcasm. Burnt offerings (olot) were entirely consumed on the altar — none of the meat went to the worshipper. God says: go ahead and eat even those. The whole sacrificial system has become so meaningless that the distinction between sacrifices for God and meals for the people is irrelevant. The imperative 'eat flesh' dismisses the sacrificial system as mere meat consumption.
For I did not speak to your ancestors, nor did I command them on the day I brought them out of the land of Egypt, concerning burnt offerings and sacrifices.
KJV For I spake not unto your fathers, nor commanded them in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, concerning burnt offerings or sacrifices:
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
This is one of the most provocative statements in the Hebrew Bible. Taken at face value, it appears to contradict the extensive sacrificial legislation in Exodus and Leviticus. The interpretive key is the phrase 'on the day I brought them out' — God's first words at Sinai were the Ten Commandments, which concern moral obedience, not ritual. The sacrificial system came later. Jeremiah's point is not that sacrifice is illegitimate but that it was never the primary demand — obedience was.
Rather, this is what I commanded them: Obey my voice, and I will be your God and you will be my people. Walk in every way that I command you, so that it may go well for you.
KJV But this thing commanded I them, saying, Obey my voice, and I will be your God, and ye shall be my people: and walk ye in all the ways that I have commanded you, that it may be well unto you.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The covenant formula — 'I will be your God and you will be my people' — returns (cf. 11:4). The substance of the original covenant demand is relational obedience (shim'u beqoli, 'obey my voice'), not ritual performance. The promise lema'an yitav lakhem ('so that it may go well for you') frames obedience as being for the people's own benefit, not God's.
But they did not listen or incline their ear. They walked according to the schemes and stubbornness of their evil heart, and went backward, not forward.
KJV But they hearkened not, nor inclined their ear, but walked in the counsels and in the imagination of their evil heart, and went backward, and not forward.
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Key Terms
שְׁרִירוּתsheririut
"stubbornness"—stubbornness, hardness, obstinacy, firmness in rebellion
Jeremiah's characteristic term for Israel's calcified resistance to God. The root suggests something hardened or twisted into a fixed position.
Translator Notes
The phrase sheririut libbam hara ('stubbornness of their evil heart') is Jeremiah's signature expression (cf. 3:17, 9:13, 11:8, 13:10, 16:12, 18:12, 23:17). The spatial metaphor 'backward, not forward' captures the tragedy — Israel should have been advancing toward God's purposes but instead regressed.
From the day your ancestors came out of the land of Egypt until this very day, I have sent to you all my servants the prophets — sending them persistently, day after day.
KJV Since the day that your fathers came forth out of the land of Egypt unto this day I have even sent unto you all my servants the prophets, daily rising up early and sending them.
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Translator Notes
The persistence idiom hashkem veshaloch ('rising early and sending') recurs throughout Jeremiah (cf. 11:7, 25:4, 26:5, 29:19, 35:15, 44:4). God's prophetic warnings span the entire history from Exodus to the present — this is not a sudden intervention but a sustained, centuries-long effort.
But they did not listen to me or incline their ear. They stiffened their neck and did worse than their ancestors.
KJV Yet they hearkened not unto me, nor inclined their ear, but hardened their neck: they did worse than their fathers.
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Translator Notes
The phrase vayyaqshu et orfam ('they stiffened their neck') depicts stubborn resistance using the image of an ox that resists the yoke by going rigid. The final clause is devastating: each generation surpassed the previous one in wickedness. The trajectory is not static rebellion but escalating corruption.
You will speak all these words to them, but they will not listen to you. You will call out to them, but they will not answer you.
KJV Therefore thou shalt speak all these words unto them; but they will not hearken to thee: thou shalt also call unto them; but they will not answer thee.
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Translator Notes
God warns Jeremiah in advance that his preaching will fail. This is one of the most painful aspects of prophetic calling — the prophet is sent knowing his audience will not respond. The double prediction ('will not listen... will not answer') mirrors the people's treatment of God himself (v. 13).
Then say to them: This is the nation that did not obey the voice of the LORD their God and refused correction. Faithfulness has perished — it has been cut off from their lips.
KJV But thou shalt say unto them, This is a nation that obeyeth not the voice of the LORD their God, nor receiveth correction: truth is perished, and is cut off from their mouth.
From the root aleph-mem-nun ('to be firm'). Emunah is not merely intellectual belief but active, enduring covenantal loyalty. Its disappearance signals the total collapse of the covenant relationship.
Translator Notes
The word emunah here is rendered 'faithfulness' rather than 'truth' (KJV) because the Hebrew encompasses more than factual accuracy — it is covenantal reliability, trustworthiness, and loyalty. The metaphor of emunah being 'cut off from their mouth' (nikhretah mippihem) suggests it has been severed like a living thing — faithfulness is dead in their public speech and commitment.
Cut off your hair and throw it away! Raise a lament on the barren heights, for the LORD has rejected and abandoned the generation that provoked his wrath.
KJV Cut off thine hair, O Jerusalem, and cast it away, and take up a lamentation on high places; for the LORD hath rejected and forsaken the generation of his wrath.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The command to cut hair (gozzi nizrekh) is a mourning ritual — the uncut hair was a sign of consecration (the word nezer can mean 'consecrated hair' as with the Nazirite vow). Jerusalem, personified as a woman, is told to sever the sign of her consecration because the relationship is over. The 'barren heights' (shefayim) are the same high places associated with idolatrous worship — now they become places for mourning.
For the people of Judah have done what is evil in my sight, declares the LORD. They have placed their detestable idols in the house that bears my name, defiling it.
KJV For the children of Judah have done evil in my sight, saith the LORD: they have set their abominations in the house which is called by my name, to pollute it.
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Translator Notes
The shiqquts ('detestable thing, idol') is stronger than to'evah — it refers specifically to idolatrous objects placed inside the Temple itself. This is not merely worshipping foreign gods elsewhere but installing them in the LORD's own house. The defilement (tame') is ritual contamination that makes the Temple unfit for God's presence. This likely refers to the practices described in 2 Kings 21:4-7 and 23:4-14.
They have built the high places of Topheth in the Valley of Ben-Hinnom to burn their sons and daughters in the fire — something I never commanded, and which never entered my mind.
KJV And they have built the high places of Tophet, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded it not, neither came it into my heart.
Notes & Key Terms
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Key Terms
תֹּפֶתTopheth
"Topheth"—fireplace, place of burning; the sacrificial site in the Hinnom Valley
The etymology may relate to 'fire-pit' or to the drums (toph) beaten during the rituals. It became a byword for the most horrific form of false worship.
גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּםGe Ben-Hinnom
"Valley of Ben-Hinnom"—Valley of the son of Hinnom; geographic location south of Jerusalem
This valley's name was corrupted into Greek Gehenna (γέεννα), which became the primary New Testament term for the place of final punishment (Matthew 5:22, Mark 9:43).
Translator Notes
Topheth (from a root meaning 'fireplace' or 'drum' — drums may have been beaten to drown out screams) was the site of child sacrifice in the valley south of Jerusalem. The phrase 'never entered my mind' (lo aletah al libbi) is God's strongest possible denial — he not only did not command this practice but could not even conceive of it. The Valley of Ben-Hinnom (Ge-Hinnom) later becomes Gehenna in Greek, the New Testament's primary image of final judgment.
Therefore, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when it will no longer be called Topheth or the Valley of Ben-Hinnom, but the Valley of Slaughter. They will bury the dead in Topheth until there is no more room.
KJV Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that it shall no more be called Tophet, nor the valley of the son of Hinnom, but the valley of slaughter: for they shall bury in Tophet, till there be no place.
Notes & Key Terms
Translator Notes
The renaming from 'Valley of Ben-Hinnom' to 'Valley of Slaughter' (Ge ha-Haregah) reverses the site's function — where children were killed as sacrifices, now the sacrificers themselves will be killed and buried. The grimly ironic justice: the place of murder becomes the mass grave of the murderers. 'Until there is no more room' indicates catastrophic death on a scale that overwhelms burial capacity.
The corpses of this people will become food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth, and no one will drive them away.
KJV And the carcases of this people shall be meat for the fowls of the heaven, and for the beasts of the earth; and none shall fray them away.
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Translator Notes
Exposure of corpses to scavengers was the ultimate degradation in the ancient Near East — denial of proper burial was a curse-fulfillment (Deuteronomy 28:26). The phrase 'no one will drive them away' (ein macharid) means there will be no living person left to shoo the scavengers from the dead. This is the Deuteronomic covenant-curse enacted literally.
I will silence in the cities of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem the sound of joy and the sound of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, for the land will become a wasteland.
KJV Then will I cause to cease from the cities of Judah, and from the streets of Jerusalem, the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride: for the land shall be desolate.
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Translator Notes
The fourfold 'sound/voice' (qol) creates a litany of silencing — joy, gladness, bridegroom, bride. These represent the sounds of a thriving society: celebration and marriage. Their cessation means the death of normal life. This formula of silenced celebration recurs in 16:9, 25:10, and 33:11 (where it is reversed in restoration). The final word — 'wasteland' (chorbah) — is the chapter's verdict.