Jubilees / Chapter 3

Jubilees 3

35 verses • Ge'ez (Ethiopic) 1 tradition available

Translator's Introduction

What This Chapter Is About

Adam is placed in the Garden of Eden and names the animals. Eve is created from his rib on the sixth day. Precise purification periods are assigned: Adam enters the Garden after forty days, Eve after eighty — matching the Levitical purification laws for male and female births (Leviticus 12). The serpent deceives Eve, Adam and Eve eat the forbidden fruit, and they are expelled from the Garden. Animals lose the power of speech.

What Makes This Chapter Remarkable

Jubilees retrofits Leviticus 12 purification periods onto the Eden narrative, making the purity laws of Sinai part of creation's fabric. Adam enters the Garden on day 40 (purification period for a male birth), Eve on day 80 (for a female birth). This is an extraordinary halakhic move: Torah law is not legislation imposed later but a revelation of structures embedded in creation from the beginning. Animals originally spoke — their silence after the Fall is a cosmic consequence of sin.

Translation Friction

The dating of Adam and Eve's entrance into the Garden by Levitical purification periods is eisegetical by modern standards, reading later law back into primordial narrative. The text treats the purity distinctions between male and female births as divinely ordained in creation, which modern readers may find problematic.

Connections

Genesis 2:4-3:24 (Eden narrative); Leviticus 12:1-8 (purification after childbirth); 1 Enoch 32 (Garden of Righteousness); 4Q265 (Qumran text linking Eden and purity); Life of Adam and Eve (parallel retelling); 2 Baruch 56:5-6 (consequences of Adam's sin).

Jubilees 3:1

Ge'ez

During the six days of the second week we brought to Adam all the beasts and all the cattle and all the birds and everything that moves on the earth and everything that moves in the water, according to their kinds and their types.

REF And on the six days of the second week we brought to Adam all the beasts, and all the cattle, and all the birds, and everything that moves on the earth, and everything that moves in the water, according to their kinds, and according to their types.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The angel narrates in first person plural ('we brought'). The naming occurs in the second week of creation — Jubilees extends the Genesis timeline beyond six days for these events.
Jubilees 3:2

Ge'ez

The beasts on the first day, the cattle on the second day, the birds on the third day, everything that moves on the earth on the fourth day, and everything that moves in the water on the fifth day.

REF The beasts on the first day; the cattle on the second day; the birds on the third day; and all that which moves on the earth on the fourth day; and that which moves in the water on the fifth day.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The naming is systematized over five days, one category per day — a Jubilees addition imposing order on the Genesis narrative.
Jubilees 3:3

Ge'ez

Adam named them all by their respective names, and whatever he called each one, that became its name.

REF And Adam named them all by their respective names, and as he called them, so was their name.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Echoes Genesis 2:19-20. Naming implies authority and understanding — Adam perceives each creature's nature.
Jubilees 3:4

Ge'ez

During those five days Adam observed all of them, male and female, according to every kind on the earth, but he was alone and found no companion suitable for him.

REF And on these five days Adam saw all these, male and female, according to every kind that was on the earth, but he was alone and found no helpmeet for him.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Adam's loneliness is emphasized by five days of watching paired creatures — the absence of a human partner becomes increasingly conspicuous.
Jubilees 3:5

Ge'ez

The LORD said to us, 'It is not good for the man to be alone. Let us make a companion suitable for him.'

REF And the Lord said unto us: 'It is not good that the man should be alone: let us make a helpmeet for him.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. God addresses the angels ('us'), resolving the long-debated plural of Genesis 1:26. In Jubilees' framework, the angels are the audience for divine deliberation.
Jubilees 3:6

Ge'ez

The LORD our God caused a deep sleep to fall on him, and he slept. He took one rib from among his ribs for the woman — this rib was the origin of the woman — and he built up flesh in its place and formed the woman.

REF And the Lord our God caused a deep sleep to fall upon him, and he slept, and He took for the woman one rib from amongst his ribs, and this rib was the origin of the woman from amongst his ribs, and He built up the flesh in its stead, and built the woman.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'Built the woman' — the Hebrew root banah (to build) is used in Genesis 2:22. The verb suggests craftsmanship, not mere creation. 'Origin of the woman from amongst his ribs' emphasizes shared substance.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)theological

Rhetorical question about whether evil in a city comes from God revised to deny divine authorship of evil

The KJV asks 'shall there be evil in a city, and the LORD hath not done it?', which can be read as asserting God causes civic evil. The JST reframes the question to distinguish between calamity permitted or allowed by God and moral evil, consistent with the JST's consistent defense of divine moral purity.

Jubilees 3:7

Ge'ez

He awakened Adam from his sleep, and when he arose on the sixth day, God brought her to him. Adam recognized her and said, 'This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh. She will be called wife, because she was taken from her husband.'

REF And He awakened Adam out of his sleep and on awaking he rose on the sixth day, and He brought her to him, and he knew her, and said unto her: 'This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called [my] wife; because she was taken from her husband.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Adam's recognition is immediate and joyful. The word-play on 'wife/husband' reflects the Hebrew ishah/ish of Genesis 2:23.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)prophetic

Prophetic disclosure principle — God reveals secrets to prophets — reinforced or expanded

The famous statement 'Surely the Lord GOD will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets' is a key JST touchstone passage. The JST footnote here strengthens or clarifies this principle of continuous revelation, which is foundational to Restoration ecclesiology.

Jubilees 3:8

Ge'ez

Therefore a man and his wife shall be one; therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and cling to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.

REF Therefore shall man and wife be one, and therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Genesis 2:24 quoted directly. Jubilees affirms the marital bond as a creation ordinance — it predates sin, law, and covenant.
Jubilees 3:9

Ge'ez

In the first week Adam was created, and the rib — his wife. In the second week he showed her to him. For this reason the commandment was given to observe the purification period: for a male, seven days, and for a female, twice seven days.

REF In the first week was Adam created, and the rib — his wife: in the second week He showed her unto him: and for this reason the commandment was given to keep in their defilement, for a male seven days, and for a female twice seven days.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

Translator Notes

  1. This is the key halakhic move: the timing of Adam's creation (first week) and Eve's presentation (second week) provides the basis for Leviticus 12's purification periods. The law of purification after childbirth is thus grounded in creation chronology.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)ethical

'Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin' — absolute claim qualified

The KJV's absolute 'he cannot sin, because he is born of God' implies sinless perfection for the regenerate. The JST footnote revises this to a conditional or qualified statement, consistent with Restoration teaching that moral agency and accountability remain even for the sanctified.

Jubilees 3:10

Ge'ez

After Adam had completed forty days in the land where he was created, we brought him into the Garden of Eden to work it and guard it. But his wife was brought in on the eightieth day, and after that she entered the Garden of Eden.

REF And after Adam had completed forty days in the land where he had been created, we brought him into the garden of Eden to till and keep it, but his wife they brought in on the eightieth day, and after this she entered into the garden of Eden.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Forty days for Adam, eighty for Eve — exactly matching Leviticus 12:2-5 (33 + 7 = 40 days purification for a male birth; 66 + 14 = 80 for a female). The author reads creation as Torah before Torah.
Jubilees 3:11

Ge'ez

For this reason the commandment is written on the heavenly tablets regarding a woman who gives birth: if she bears a male, she shall remain in her impurity seven days according to the first week of days, and thirty-three days she shall remain in the blood of her purification. She shall not touch any holy thing or enter the sanctuary until she completes the days required for a male child.

REF And for this reason the commandment is written on the heavenly tablets in regard to her that gives birth: 'if she bears a male, she shall remain in her uncleanness seven days according to the first week of days, and thirty and three days shall she remain in the blood of her purifying, and she shall not touch any hallowed thing, nor enter into the sanctuary, until she accomplishes these days which (are enjoined) in the case of a male child.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

Translator Notes

  1. The heavenly tablets contain Leviticus 12 — not as later legislation but as primordial law. The sanctuary mentioned is anachronistic for the Eden period, but for Jubilees, the law is eternal and the anachronism is irrelevant.
Jubilees 3:12

Ge'ez

But in the case of a female child, she shall remain in her impurity for two weeks of days according to the first two weeks, and sixty-six days in the blood of her purification — eighty days in all.'

REF But in the case of a female child she shall remain in her uncleanness two weeks of days, according to the first two weeks, and sixty-six days in the blood of her purification, and they will be in all eighty days.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The math is explicit: 14 + 66 = 80 days for a female, corresponding to Eve's eighty-day wait before entering Eden. Jubilees presents this as proof that the law was encoded in creation.
Jubilees 3:13

Ge'ez

When she completed the eighty days, we brought her into the Garden of Eden, for it is holier than all the rest of the earth, and every tree planted in it is holy.

REF And when she had completed these eighty days we brought her into the garden of Eden, for it is holier than all the earth besides, and every tree that is planted in it is holy.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Eden is described as a sanctuary — 'holier than all the earth.' This sanctuary language connects the Garden to the later Temple, suggesting that the Temple recreates Eden's sacred space.
Jubilees 3:14

Ge'ez

Therefore the law of these days was ordained for any woman who bears a male or female child: she shall not touch any holy thing or enter the sanctuary until the days required for a male or female child are completed.

REF Therefore the ordinance of these days has been ordained for the one that bears a male or a female child; she is not to touch any hallowed thing, nor to enter into the sanctuary until those days for the male or female child are accomplished.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The author draws the legal conclusion explicitly: the Eden chronology is the basis for the Levitical purification law. This hermeneutic — finding Torah in creation — is Jubilees' most distinctive method.
Jubilees 3:15

Ge'ez

This is the law and testimony written down for Israel, so that they may observe it always.

REF This is the law and testimony which was written down for Israel, in order that they should observe (it) all the days.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The formula 'law and testimony' recurs throughout Jubilees as a stamp of authority for each legal ruling.
Jubilees 3:16

Ge'ez

In the first week of the first jubilee, Adam and his wife were in the Garden of Eden for seven years, working and guarding it. We gave him work and taught him to do everything appropriate for cultivation.

REF And in the first week of the first jubilee, Adam and his wife were in the garden of Eden for seven years tilling and keeping it, and we gave him work and we instructed him to do everything that is suitable for tillage.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The jubilee dating begins: first jubilee, first week (years 1-7). Work in Eden is not a curse but a vocation — tilling and keeping precede the Fall.
Jubilees 3:17

Ge'ez

He worked the garden and was naked and did not know it, and was not ashamed. He guarded the garden from birds and beasts and cattle, gathered its fruit and ate, and stored the rest for himself and his wife.

REF And he was tilling (the garden), and was naked and knew it not, and was not ashamed, and he protected the garden from the birds and beasts and cattle, and gathered its fruit, and eat, and put aside the residue for himself and for his wife (and) put aside that which was being kept.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Nakedness without shame (Genesis 2:25) is the natural state. The detail about guarding from animals suggests that even in Eden, the created order required management.
Jubilees 3:18

Ge'ez

On the new moon of the fourth month, the serpent came and approached the woman. The serpent said to the woman, 'Has God really commanded you, saying, "You shall not eat from any tree of the garden"?'

REF And on the new moon of the fourth month, the serpent came and drew near to the woman, and the serpent said to the woman, 'Hath God commanded you, saying, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jubilees dates the temptation precisely: new moon of the fourth month. This calendrical precision is characteristic — every event in history has its ordained date on the heavenly tablets.
Jubilees 3:19

Ge'ez

She said to it, 'God told us to eat from the fruit of all the trees of the garden. But of the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God told us, "You shall not eat from it, and you shall not touch it, or you will die."'

REF And she said to it, 'Of all the fruit of the trees of the garden God hath said unto us, Eat; but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden God hath said unto us, Ye shall not eat thereof and ye shall not touch it, lest ye die.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Eve's response follows Genesis 3:2-3 closely, including the addition 'nor touch it' that is not in the original prohibition (Genesis 2:17). This addition is traditionally seen as the first 'fence around the Torah.'

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)narrative

John's rebuke of Herod Antipas — cause expanded beyond Herodias

The JST footnote expands the reason for John's imprisonment beyond his rebuke about Herodias, adding that John also rebuked Herod for other evils. This matches the spirit of Luke 3:19 KJV ('for all the evils which Herod had done') but may add specificity.

Jubilees 3:20

Ge'ez

The serpent said to the woman, 'You will certainly not die, for God knows that on the day you eat from it, your eyes will be opened and you will be like divine beings, knowing good and evil.'

REF And the serpent said to the woman, 'Ye shall not surely die: for God doth know that on the day ye shall eat thereof, your eyes will be opened, and ye will be as gods, and ye will know good and evil.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. 'Like divine beings' (or 'like God/gods') — the ambiguity is present in both Hebrew and Ge'ez. The serpent's promise contains a kernel of truth (their eyes do open) wrapped in a lethal lie (they do die, eventually).

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)narrative

Herod's act of imprisoning John presented as adding to his prior sins

Follows from v. 19. The JST footnote strengthens the moral characterization of Herod's imprisonment of John as a culminating act of wickedness.

Jubilees 3:21

Ge'ez

The woman saw that the tree was pleasing and attractive to the eye, and that its fruit was good for food. She took some and ate.

REF And the woman saw the tree that it was agreeable and pleasant to the eye, and that its fruit was good for food, and she took thereof and eat.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Three appeals: pleasing, attractive, good for food — corresponding to desire, aesthetics, and appetite. Genesis 3:6 has the same triple structure.
Jubilees 3:22

Ge'ez

She covered her nakedness with fig leaves and gave some to Adam, and he ate. His eyes were opened and he saw that he was naked.

REF And she covered her shame with fig leaves, and she gave thereof to Adam and he eat, and his eyes were opened, and he saw that he was naked.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. In Jubilees' sequence, Eve covers herself before giving to Adam — she experiences shame first and independently. Adam's eyes open only after he eats.
Jubilees 3:23

Ge'ez

He took fig leaves, sewed them together, made himself a covering, and hid his nakedness.

REF And he took fig leaves and sewed (them) together, and made himself a girdle, and covered his shame.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The crafting of coverings is humanity's first act after the Fall — the beginning of human culture born from shame.
Jubilees 3:24

Ge'ez

God cursed the serpent and was angry with it forever.

REF And God cursed the serpent, and was wroth with it for ever.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The serpent's curse is permanent — 'forever' — unlike the judgments on Adam and Eve, which are mitigated over time through the covenant.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)theological

Kingdom/house divided saying clarified

The JST footnote adjusts the logic of Jesus's response to accusations of casting out demons by Beelzebub, providing greater clarity on the divided-kingdom argument.

Jubilees 3:25

Ge'ez

He was angry with the woman because she had listened to the voice of the serpent and had eaten. He said to her, 'I will greatly multiply your sorrow and your pain: in sorrow you will bear children, and your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you.'

REF And He was wroth with the woman, because she had hearkened to the voice of the serpent, and had eaten; and He said unto her: 'I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy pains: in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children, and thy return shall be unto thy husband, and he will rule over thee.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Follows Genesis 3:16. Jubilees does not soften the judgment on Eve but also does not add to it.
Jubilees 3:26

Ge'ez

To Adam also he said, 'Because you listened to your wife's voice and ate from the tree I commanded you not to eat from, cursed is the ground because of you. Thorns and thistles it will produce for you, and you will eat your bread by the sweat of your face until you return to the earth from which you were taken — for you are earth, and to earth you will return.'

REF And to Adam also He said, 'Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree of which I commanded thee that thou shouldst not eat thereof, cursed be the ground for thy sake: thorns and thistles shall it bring forth to thee, and thou shalt eat thy bread in the sweat of thy face, till thou returnest to the earth from whence thou wast taken; for earth thou art, and unto earth shalt thou return.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Genesis 3:17-19 reproduced faithfully. The ground is cursed, not Adam himself — a distinction Jubilees preserves.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)theological

Satan rising against himself — conclusion of the Beelzebub discourse revised

Complements v. 24. The JST footnote here provides a revised conclusion to the argument about Satan's self-division, clarifying the logic of Jesus's defense against the scribes' accusation.

Jubilees 3:27

Ge'ez

He made garments of skin for them, clothed them, and sent them out of the Garden of Eden.

REF And He made for them coats of skin, and clothed them, and sent them forth from the Garden of Eden.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. God himself makes the garments — an act of provision within judgment. The clothing of skin replaces the fig leaves, suggesting that divine covering surpasses human improvisation. Some traditions see this as the first animal death.
Jubilees 3:28

Ge'ez

Adam named his wife Eve on the day he departed from the Garden of Eden.

REF And Adam named his wife Eve on the day when he went forth from the Garden of Eden.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. In Genesis 3:20, the naming of Eve precedes the expulsion. Jubilees reverses the order — Eve receives her name ('living one') as they leave, an act of hope amid judgment.
Jubilees 3:29

Ge'ez

Adam knew his wife and she bore him a son. He called his name Cain and said, 'I have acquired a man through the LORD.' She bore him another son and called his name Abel.

REF And he knew his wife, and she bare him a son, and he called his name Cain, and said, 'I have gotten a man from the Lord.' And again she bare him a son, and she called his name Abel.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The word-play on Cain (qayin/qanah, 'to acquire') is preserved. Abel's name (hevel, 'breath/vapor') foreshadows his brief life.
Jubilees 3:30

Ge'ez

On the day Adam departed from the Garden, he offered a pleasing fragrance as an offering — frankincense, galbanum, stacte, and spices — in the morning at sunrise, from the day he first covered his nakedness.

REF And on the day when Adam went forth from the Garden, he offered as a sweet savour an offering — frankincense, galbanum, and stacte, and spices in the morning with the rising of the sun from the day when he covered his shame.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Adam offers incense immediately upon expulsion — worship begins simultaneously with exile. The four ingredients (frankincense, galbanum, stacte, spices) anticipate the incense formula of Exodus 30:34. Jubilees again reads later ritual back into the earliest history.
Jubilees 3:31

Ge'ez

On that day the mouths of all the beasts, cattle, birds, and everything that walks and moves were closed, so that they could no longer speak. For they had all spoken to one another with one language and one tongue.

REF On that day was closed the mouth of all beasts, and of cattle, and of birds, and of whatever walks, and of whatever moves, so that they could no longer speak: for they had all spoken one with another with one lip and with one tongue.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. This is a stunning detail unique to Jubilees: all animals had the power of speech until the expulsion from Eden. The Fall silences creation. This explains how the serpent could speak — it was not exceptional but normal before the curse.
Jubilees 3:32

Ge'ez

He sent out of the Garden of Eden all living creatures that were in the Garden, and all living creatures were scattered according to their kinds and types to the places created for them.

REF And He sent out of the Garden of Eden all flesh that was in the Garden of Eden, and all flesh was scattered according to its kinds, and according to its types unto the places which had been created for them.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Not only humans but all animals are expelled from Eden. The Garden becomes empty — a sealed sanctuary awaiting eschatological restoration.
Jubilees 3:33

Ge'ez

To Adam alone among all the beasts and cattle did he give the means to cover his nakedness.

REF And to Adam alone did He give (the wherewithal) to cover his shame, of all the beasts and cattle.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Clothing distinguishes humanity from animals — it is a divine gift, not merely a consequence of shame. This elevates human dignity even in the context of the Fall.
Jubilees 3:34

Ge'ez

For this reason it is prescribed on the heavenly tablets concerning all who know the judgment of the law, that they must cover their bodies and not expose themselves as the nations expose themselves.

REF On this account, it is prescribed on the heavenly tablets as touching all those who know the judgment of the law, that they should cover their shame, and should not uncover themselves as the Gentiles uncover themselves.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Modesty is a creation ordinance inscribed on the heavenly tablets. Nudity is associated with Gentile practice — clothing becomes a marker of covenant identity. The chapter ends with a characteristic Jubilees move: deriving law from narrative.
Jubilees 3:35

Ge'ez

On the new moon of the fourth month, Adam and his wife departed from the Garden of Eden and lived in the land of Elda, in the land of their creation.

REF And on the new moon of the fourth month, Adam and his wife went forth from the Garden of Eden, and they dwelt in the land of Elda, in the land of their creation.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Elda (or 'Ildad') is otherwise unknown — a detail unique to Jubilees. The exile from Eden is precisely dated, consistent with the book's insistence that all events have fixed dates on the heavenly tablets.