Jubilees / Chapter 32

Jubilees 32

34 verses • Ge'ez (Ethiopic) 1 tradition available

Translator's Introduction

What This Chapter Is About

Jacob journeys to Bethel and fulfills his vow to tithe. He tithes his sons, counting from the youngest, and the tenth falls on Levi — thus Levi is 'tithed to the Lord' and consecrated for priesthood. Levi receives a priestly ordination vision. Rachel gives birth to Benjamin and dies in childbirth.

What Makes This Chapter Remarkable

The tithing of sons to determine the priestly tribe is a brilliant narrative invention. By counting from Benjamin upward, the tenth son is Levi — making his priestly selection appear to be the result of mathematical providence rather than arbitrary choice.

Translation Friction

The tithing mechanism for selecting Levi has no basis in any other source. The celebration of Tabernacles at Bethel is anachronistic by Pentateuchal standards, but Jubilees consistently presents patriarchs as observing Mosaic law before Sinai.

Connections

Genesis 28:20-22 (Jacob's tithe vow at Bethel); Genesis 35:16-20 (Rachel's death); Leviticus 23:33-43 (Festival of Tabernacles); Testament of Levi 2-5 (Levi's heavenly vision).

Jubilees 32:1

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He stayed that night at Bethel. Levi dreamed that he had been ordained and appointed as priest of the Most High God — he and his sons forever.

REF And he abode that night at Bethel, and Levi dreamed that they had ordained and made him the priest of the Most High God, him and his sons for ever.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Levi's ordination dream parallels the heavenly ascent in the Testament of Levi.
Jubilees 32:2

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob rose early in the morning on the fourteenth of this month and gave a tithe of everything that had come with him — people and livestock, gold and every vessel and garment.

REF And Jacob rose early in the morning, on the fourteenth of this month, and he gave a tithe of all that came with him, both of men and of cattle, both of gold and every vessel and garment.

Jubilees 32:3

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

In those days Rachel was pregnant with her son Benjamin. Jacob counted his sons, beginning from the youngest and going upward, and Levi fell as the Lord's portion. His father clothed him in the garments of the priesthood and consecrated him.

REF And in those days Rachel became pregnant with her son Benjamin. And Jacob counted his sons from him upwards and Levi fell to the portion of the Lord, and his father clothed him in the garments of the priesthood and filled his hands.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

The technical ordination formula — Hebrew: mille' yad — meaning to consecrate for priestly service

Translator Notes

  1. 'Filled his hands' (mille' yad) is the technical term for priestly ordination found in Exodus 28:41.
Jubilees 32:4

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He tithed again all the clean animals and made a burnt offering, a grain offering, a thanksgiving offering, and a drink offering.

REF And he tithed again all the clean animals, and made a burnt offering, and a meat offering, and a thank offering, and a drink offering.

Jubilees 32:5

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He presented a thanksgiving offering to the Lord God who had saved him and was watching over him.

REF And he presented a thank offering to the Lord God who had saved him.

Jubilees 32:6

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob observed the Festival of Tabernacles there. He built a booth and celebrated the festival for seven days, rejoicing with abundant gladness.

REF And Jacob kept there the feast of Tabernacles, and he made a tabernacle and kept the feast seven days.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The patriarchal observance of Sukkot before the Sinai legislation is characteristic of Jubilees' theology: Torah is eternal.
Jubilees 32:7

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He blessed the Creator of all things, who had preserved him and delivered him from every evil.

REF And he blessed the Creator of all things who had preserved him.

Jubilees 32:8

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He built an altar there and poured a libation on it. He offered a burnt offering on it before God.

REF And he built there an altar, and he poured a libation upon it.

Jubilees 32:9

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He named that place Bethel — the House of God — in the land of Canaan.

REF And he called the name of that place Bethel, in the land of Canaan.

Jubilees 32:10

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob held a feast that day. He and all his sons ate and drank and rejoiced.

REF And Jacob made a feast on that day, and he and all his sons ate and drank.

Jubilees 32:11

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

When the days of the festival were finished, he departed and headed south toward Ephrath.

REF And when the days of the feast were finished, he set out from thence to the south.

Jubilees 32:12

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

On the way, Rachel went into labor. She gave birth, but her labor was difficult.

REF And on the way Rachel travailed, and she gave birth, and her labour was hard.

Jubilees 32:13

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

As her life was slipping away — for she was dying — she named him Ben-oni, 'Son of My Sorrow.' But his father called him Benjamin, on the eleventh of the eighth month, in the first year of the sixth week of the forty-fifth jubilee.

REF And it came to pass, as her soul was departing — for she died — she named him Ben-oni; but his father called him Benjamin.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Rachel's death in childbirth is one of the most sorrowful moments in Genesis (35:16-20).
Jubilees 32:14

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Rachel died there and was buried in the territory of Ephrath — that is, Bethlehem. Jacob set up a pillar on Rachel's grave.

REF And Rachel died there and she was buried in the land of Ephrath, the same is Bethlehem.

Joseph Smith Translation (Footnotes)theological

God's 'repentance' over the golden calf judgment reframed

The KJV states 'the LORD repented of the evil which he thought to do unto his people.' The JST revises this to remove the implication that God planned evil or genuinely changed his mind, consistent with the broader JST pattern of protecting divine constancy. The revision likely replaces 'repented' with language of relenting or withholding rather than regretting.

Jubilees 32:15

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac sent to his son Jacob ten sheep, two oxen, two donkeys, and a female servant.

REF And Isaac sent to Jacob his son ten sheep, and two oxen, and two asses.

Jubilees 32:16

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob traveled and came to his father Isaac at the new moon of the tenth month.

REF And Jacob went and came to his father Isaac on the new moon of the tenth month.

Jubilees 32:17

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac blessed the God of his father Abraham, who had not withdrawn his mercy and his blessing from the offspring of his servant Isaac.

REF And Isaac blessed the God of his father Abraham.

Jubilees 32:18

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob gave his father Isaac and his mother Rebekah a gift of oil, wine, and food.

REF And Jacob gave to Isaac and to Rebecca a present of oil and wine and food.

Jubilees 32:19

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

They ate and drank, and Isaac blessed the Most High God who had provided them with good things.

REF And they ate and drank, and Isaac blessed the Most High God.

Jubilees 32:20

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac recognized that the Lord had blessed him in all his undertakings, and he gave thanks.

REF And Isaac knew that the Lord had blessed him in all his works.

Jubilees 32:21

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Isaac blessed Jacob, and Jacob departed from him in peace and joy.

REF And Isaac blessed Jacob, and Jacob went forth from him in peace.

Jubilees 32:22

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Esau also came to Isaac, who blessed him. Then Esau went on his way.

REF And Esau also came to Isaac, and he blessed him.

Jubilees 32:23

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

In those days, Leah bore a daughter. Jacob named her Dinah.

REF And in those days Leah bore a daughter, and Jacob called her name Dinah.

Jubilees 32:24

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

After this, Leah bore no more children. Rachel bore Joseph, her firstborn. Bilhah bore Dan and Naphtali, and Zilpah bore Gad and Asher.

REF And after this Leah bore no more.

Jubilees 32:25

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

These are the sons of Jacob and the order of their births, as they were born to him in Mesopotamia.

REF And these are the sons of Jacob and their birth-order.

Jubilees 32:26

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob was seventy-seven years old when he departed from the land of Canaan, from Beer-sheba.

REF And Jacob was seventy-seven years old when he went forth from Canaan.

Jubilees 32:27

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Bilhah and Zilpah he took as concubines, not as wives, for Leah and Rachel were his wives.

REF And Bilhah and Zilpah he took as concubines, not as wives.

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. Jubilees carefully distinguishes between wives and concubines — a legal distinction relevant to inheritance.
Jubilees 32:28

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He arrived at Bethel on the first of the month of this week and named the place Bethel.

REF And he came to Bethel on the first of the month.

Jubilees 32:29

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

There Jacob gave a tithe of everything and consecrated it to the Lord. The place became holy.

REF And Jacob gave there a tithe of everything and sanctified it to the Lord.

Jubilees 32:30

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

He saw a vision in the night: an angel descended from heaven carrying seven tablets in his hands. He gave them to Jacob, who read them and learned everything written on them.

REF And he saw in a vision of the night an angel with seven tablets in his hands.

Notes & Key Terms 1 term

Key Terms

""

Heavenly tablets containing the predestined future of Jacob's line

Translator Notes

  1. The seven tablets contain predestined history — a concept central to Jubilees' deterministic theology.
Jubilees 32:31

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

The angel showed him everything written on the tablets and said: Do not build this place into an eternal sanctuary, and do not settle here. Go to the house of your father Abraham.

REF And he showed him all that was written, and said: 'Do not build this place into an eternal sanctuary.'

Notes & Key Terms

Translator Notes

  1. The prohibition against making Bethel a permanent sanctuary subtly supports Jerusalem's exclusive claim.
Jubilees 32:32

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

In Egypt you will die in peace, and in this land you will be buried with honor in the tomb of your fathers.

REF For in Egypt thou shalt die in peace, and in this land thou shalt be buried with honour.

Jubilees 32:33

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Do not be afraid. As you have seen and read, so it will all come to pass. Write down everything just as you have seen and read it.

REF And fear not, for as thou hast seen and read it, thus shall it all be.

Jubilees 32:34

Ge'ez text per Charles/VanderKam editions

Jacob said: Lord, how can I remember everything I have read and seen? The angel replied: I will bring all of it back to your memory.

REF And Jacob said: 'Lord, how can I remember all that I have read and seen?' And he said: 'I will bring all things to thy remembrance.'