Factum est autem cum cessasset clamare ad Dominum surrexit de loco in quo iacuerat prostrata ad Dominum.
When she had ceased crying out to the Lord, she rose from the place where she had lain prostrate before the Lord.
Judith transforms herself. She removes her sackcloth, bathes, anoints herself with perfume, arranges her hair, and dresses in her finest garments and jewels. Her beauty is described as divinely enhanced — God himself increases her splendor because her purpose is holy. She and her maidservant descend from Bethulia, are seized by Assyrian scouts, and Judith talks her way into Holofernes' presence. The entire camp is stunned by her beauty.
The transformation scene is one of the great 'arming' sequences in ancient literature, comparable to Athena preparing for battle or a knight donning armor. But Judith's weapons are beauty, perfume, and clothing — a deliberate inversion of the warrior trope. God's direct enhancement of her beauty (v. 4) makes her appearance itself a divine instrument.
Judith's deliberate use of physical beauty as a weapon raises complex questions about agency, deception, and the ethics of war. The narrative resolves this by insisting the beauty serves God's purpose, not self-interest.
The beautification scene echoes Esther 2:12-17 (preparation to appear before the king). The maidservant carrying provisions mirrors the servant accompanying Abraham to the binding of Isaac. The Assyrians' reaction to her beauty echoes the Egyptians' reaction to Sarah (Genesis 12:14).
Factum est autem cum cessasset clamare ad Dominum surrexit de loco in quo iacuerat prostrata ad Dominum.
When she had ceased crying out to the Lord, she rose from the place where she had lain prostrate before the Lord.
Vocavitque abram suam et descendens in domum suam abstulit a se cilicium et exuit se vestimentis viduitatis suae.
She called her maidservant and, going down into her house, removed her sackcloth and took off her garments of widowhood.
The ritual removal parallels a warrior stripping off civilian clothes to put on armor.
Et lavit corpus suum et unxit se myrro optimo et discriminavit crinem capitis sui et imposuit mitram super caput suum et induit se vestimentis iucunditatis suae induitque sandalia pedibus suis adsumpsitque dextraliola et lilia et inaures et anulos et omnibus ornamentis suis ornavit se.
She bathed her body and anointed herself with the finest myrrh, and parted the hair of her head, and placed a headdress upon her head, and clothed herself in her garments of joy. She put sandals on her feet and took up her bracelets and lilies and earrings and rings, and adorned herself with all her ornaments.
Contrasts with 'vestimentis viduitatis' — joy-garments replace mourning-garments for holy war.
Cui etiam Dominus contulit splendorem quoniam omnis ista conpositio non ex libidine sed ex virtute pendebat et ideo Dominus hanc in illam pulchritudinem ampliavit ut incomparabili decore omnium oculis appareret.
The Lord also bestowed splendor upon her, because all this preparation arose not from desire but from virtue, and therefore the Lord amplified this beauty in her, so that she appeared before everyone's eyes with incomparable loveliness.
The narrator's moral commentary: this adornment is not vanity but vocation.
Imposuitque abrae suae ascoperam vini et vas olei et polentam et palatas et panes et caseum et profecta est.
She loaded her maidservant with a skin of wine and a jar of oil and parched grain and dried figs and bread and cheese, and they set out.
Cumque venissent ad portam civitatis invenerunt expectantem Oziam et presbyteros civitatis.
When they came to the gate of the city, they found Uzziah and the elders of the city waiting.
Qui cum vidissent eam stupentes mirati sunt nimis pulchritudinem eius.
When they saw her, they were stunned and marveled exceedingly at her beauty.
Nihil tamen interrogantes eam dimiserunt transire dicentes Deus patrum nostrorum det tibi gratiam et omne consilium tui cordis sua virtute corroboret ut glorietur super te Hierusalem et sit nomen tuum in numero sanctorum et iustorum.
Yet they asked her nothing, but let her pass, saying: May the God of our fathers give you grace, and may he strengthen every plan of your heart by his power, so that Jerusalem may glory because of you, and your name may be numbered among the holy and the just.
Et dixerunt omnes qui ibi erant una voce fiat fiat.
And all who were there said with one voice: So be it, so be it.
A liturgical double affirmation, echoing the Psalmic 'Amen, Amen' (Psalm 41:14, 72:19).
Iudith vero orans Dominum transivit per portas ipsa et abra eius.
But Judith, praying to the Lord, passed through the gates — she and her maidservant.
Factum est autem cum descenderet montem circa ortum diei occurrerunt ei exploratores Assyriorum et tenuerunt eam dicentes quae es aut unde venis aut quo vadis.
It happened that as she was descending the mountain around daybreak, Assyrian scouts met her and seized her, saying: Where are you from, where are you going, and who are you?
Quae respondit filia sum Hebraeorum ideo ego fugi a facie eorum quoniam futurum agnovi quod dentur vobis in depraedationem pro eo quod contemnentes vos noluerunt ultro tradere se ut invenirent misericordiam in conspectu vestro.
She answered: I am a daughter of the Hebrews, and I have fled from them because I know that they are destined to be given to you as plunder, since they despised you and refused to surrender willingly so as to find mercy in your sight.
Hac de causa cogitavi mecum dicens vadam ad faciem principis Holofernis ut indicem illi secreta illorum et ostendam illi quo aditu possit obtinere eos ita ut non cadat vir unus de exercitu eius.
For this reason I said to myself: I will go before the face of the commander Holofernes, to reveal their secrets and show him by what approach he can take them, so that not a single man of his army need fall.
Et cum audissent viri illi verba eius considerabant faciem eius et erat in oculis eorum stupor quoniam pulchritudinem eius mirabantur nimis.
When those men heard her words, they studied her face, and there was astonishment in their eyes, for they marveled greatly at her beauty.
Et dixerunt ad eam conservasti animam tuam eo quod tale invenisti consilium descende ad dominum nostrum et ipse se vindicet de his sicut tibi placuerit.
They said to her: You have saved your life by taking such counsel. Go down to our lord, and he himself will deal with them as it pleases you.
Cum autem steteris in conspectu eius ne timeas corde tuo sed indica illi secundum verba tua et bene tibi faciet.
When you stand before him, do not be afraid in your heart, but tell him according to your words and he will treat you well.
Elegeruntque ex se centum viros et adplicuerunt se illi et abrae eius et perduxerunt eas ad tabernaculum Holofernis.
They chose a hundred men from among themselves and assigned them to her and her maidservant, and they led them to the tent of Holofernes.
Concursusque factus est in omnia castra nam per tabernacula nuntiabatur adventus eius.
A commotion arose throughout the whole camp, for word of her arrival spread through the tents.
Et venientes circumdederunt eam sicut stabat ante faciem Holofernis cum iam nuntiassent ei de ea.
They came and surrounded her as she stood before the face of Holofernes, after he had already been told about her.
Et cum audisset nomen eius Holofernes admiratus est in oculorum suorum aspectu et dixit ad eam quid est quod te movit ut venires ad nos.
When Holofernes heard her name, he was struck with wonder at the sight of her, and said to her: What has moved you to come to us?
Et dixit illi Iudith suscipe verba ancillae tuae quoniam si secutus fueris verba ancillae tuae perfectam rem faciet Dominus tecum.
Judith said to him: Receive the words of your handmaid, for if you follow the words of your handmaid, the Lord will accomplish a perfect work through you.
Sublime irony: the 'perfect work' is Holofernes' death, which will indeed be accomplished 'through him' — with his own sword.
Vivit enim Nabuchodonosor rex terrae et vivit virtus eius quae est in te ad correptionem omnium animarum errantium quoniam non solum homines serviunt illi per te sed et bestiae agri obtemperant illi.
For as Nebuchadnezzar, king of the earth, lives, and as his power lives — which is in you for the correction of all erring souls — not only do human beings serve him through you, but even the beasts of the field obey him.
Nuntiatur enim omnibus gentibus industria animi tui et indicatum est universo saeculo quoniam tu solus bonus et potens es in omni regno eius et disciplina tua omnibus provinciis praedicatur.
For the diligence of your spirit is reported to all nations, and it is declared to the whole world that you alone are good and powerful in all his kingdom, and your discipline is praised in every province.
Nec hoc latet quod locutus est Achior nec illud ignoratur quod ei Holofernes iusserit evenire.
Nor is it hidden what Achior spoke, nor is it unknown what Holofernes commanded should happen to him.
Constat enim Deum nostrum sic peccatis offensum ut mandaverit per prophetas suos ad populum quod tradat eum pro peccatis suis.
For it is established that our God is so offended by sins that he has declared through his prophets to the people that he will hand them over because of their sins.
Et quoniam sciunt se filii Israhel offendisse Deum suum tremor tuus super ipsos est.
And because the children of Israel know they have offended their God, dread of you has fallen upon them.
Insuper etiam fames invasit eos et ab ariditate aquae iam inter mortuos conputantur.
Moreover, famine has invaded them, and from drought of water they are already counted among the dead.
Hoc etiam constituunt ut interficiant pecora sua et bibant sanguinem eorum.
They have even resolved to slaughter their livestock and drink their blood.
Et sancta Domini Dei sui quae praecepit Deus non contingi in frumento vino et oleo haec cogitaverunt impendere et volunt consumere quae nec manibus deberent contingere ergo quoniam haec faciunt certum est quod in perditionem dabuntur.
And the holy things of the Lord their God, which God commanded must not be touched — their grain, wine, and oil — these they have decided to consume, and they are willing to use up what they ought not even to touch with their hands. Therefore, since they do these things, it is certain they will be given over to destruction.
Quod ego ancilla tua cognoscens fugi ab illis et misit me Dominus haec ipsa nuntiare tibi.
When I, your handmaid, learned this, I fled from them, and the Lord has sent me to report these very things to you.
Ego enim ancilla tua Deum colo etiam nunc apud te et exiet ancilla tua et orabo Deum.
For I, your handmaid, worship God even now while I am with you, and your handmaid will go out and pray to God.
Et dicet mihi quando eis reddat peccatum suum et veniens nuntiabo tibi ita ut ego adducam te per mediam Hierusalem et habebis omnem populum Israhel sicut oves quibus non est pastor et non latrabit vel unus canis contra te.
And he will tell me when he has repaid them for their sin, and I will come and announce it to you, so that I may lead you through the middle of Jerusalem, and you shall have the whole people of Israel like sheep without a shepherd, and not even a single dog shall bark against you.
Quoniam haec mihi dicta sunt per providentiam Dei.
For these things have been told to me by the providence of God.
Et quoniam iratus est illis Deus haec ipsa missa sum nuntiare tibi.
And because God is angry with them, I have been sent to announce these very things to you.
Placuerunt autem omnia verba haec coram Holoferne et coram pueris eius et mirabantur sapientiam eius et dicebant alter ad alterum.
All these words pleased Holofernes and his attendants, and they marveled at her wisdom and said to one another:
Non est talis mulier super terram in aspectu in pulchritudine et in sensu verborum.
There is no woman like this on the face of the earth — in appearance, in beauty, and in the sense of her words.
The triple praise mirrors divine attributes — they are inadvertently worshipping the instrument of their destruction.
Et dixit ad illam Holofernes bene fecit Deus qui misit te ante populum ut des illum tu in manibus nostris.
Holofernes said to her: God has done well in sending you ahead of the people, so that you may deliver them into our hands.
Et quoniam bona est promissio tua si fecerit mihi Deus tuus hoc erit et Deus meus et tu in domo Nabuchodonosor magna eris et nomen tuum nominabitur in universa terra.
And since your promise is good — if your God does this for me, he shall be my God as well, and you shall be great in the house of Nebuchadnezzar, and your name shall be renowned throughout all the earth.