Great Isaiah Scroll
1QIsaiah-a — The oldest complete manuscript of any biblical book
About This Scroll
Discovered in 1947 in Qumran Cave 1, the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaiah-a) is the oldest complete manuscript of any book of the Hebrew Bible. Written approximately 125 BCE on 17 sheets of parchment across 54 columns, it preserves the text of Isaiah roughly 1,000 years before the Leningrad Codex (1008 CE) — the manuscript behind TCR's standard rendering.
What you see below is a verse-by-verse comparison: where does the scroll agree with the medieval Masoretic tradition, and where does it differ? Most differences are orthographic (spelling conventions). But some variants are theologically significant — and a few have changed how modern translators render the text. Every variant is documented. Nothing is hidden.